2010-2017年四川省雅安市水痘流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Varicella in Ya’an of Sichuan Province From 2010 to 2017

目的分析2010-2017年四川省雅安市水痘流行特征及规律,为制定水痘预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法对2010-2017年四川省雅安市上报的所有水痘病例资料和水痘疫苗接种资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2010-2017年全市共报告水痘7 581例,年平均发病率为61.99/10万。每年5-7月、11-12月为高发时段;发病以5~14岁儿童和学生病例为主。全市报告水痘突发公共卫生事件相关信息2起,均发生于小学,罹患率分别为0.88%、1.87%。结论四川省雅安市水痘报告发病率较高,以学生和儿童为水痘的高发人群。建议在学校、托幼机构等重点场所加大健康教育力度,提高教师、学生及家长水痘防病知识和疫苗接种意识;加强水痘的疾病监测工作,将水痘纳入传染病报告管理检查;将适龄儿童和学生水痘疫苗接种纳入医保报销范围,提高疫苗接种率。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of varicella in Ya’an city,Sichuan province from 2010 to 2017,so as to provide the scientific basis for the formulation of varicella prevention and control.Methods The data of reported varicella cases and varicella vaccination in Ya’an city from 2010 to 2017 was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.was conducted to detect the epidemic features.Results From 2010 to 2017,a total of 7 581 varicella cases were reported,with an average annual incidence of 61.99/105.There was an obvious seasonal aggregation with the peak from May to July and November to December every year.Children and students between the age of 5 to 14 years old account for the majority.There were two varicella related sudden public health events reported,both of which occurred in primary schools,with the incidence rate of 0.88%and 1.87%,respectively.Conclusion The reported incidence of varicella is relatively high in Ya’an city,Sichuan province.Students and children were at high risk.It is suggested that health education should be strengthened in key places such as schools and childcare institutions,to improve teachers,students and parents’varicella prevention knowledge and vaccination awareness.The varicella monitoring should be strengthened by integrating varicella into the inspection of infectious disease reporting and management.It is also recommended that varicella vaccine be included in the reimbursement category to improve the vaccination rate.