桑弘羊经济立法思想探微

A Brief Study of the Economic Legislativeldeas of Sang Hong-yang

西汉中期,时为掌管封建中央财政事务大臣的桑弘羊在坚持先秦法家思想的基础上,先后推行和提出了大力发展官商,打击私商,实施盐铁专卖,均输平准等一系列的经济立法措施和财政政策,它是汉王朝社会经济方式由自由放任转向国家干预控制的重要转折,其思想对加强封建中央财政管理,充实封建国家财政收入和缓解社会财政危机发挥了重要的作用,其许多首创的理论和实践被后代各封建王朝的理财大臣看作是可望不可及的成功的财政典型,且为当时世界上不少国家所推崇和采用。研究这一中国古代法制史上的重要成果,对思考我们现实社会财政经济的改革发展有宝贵的借鉴意义。

Sang Hong-yang, the chamberlain in charge of the official financial affairs during the West Han Dynasty, promoted a series of measures to carry out economic, legislative and financial reforms, such as the encouragement of the feudal regime to be involved in trade and business, the curb of private salt businesses, the regulation of prices and commodity circulations, and the unificaton of currencies. He did all these on the basis of the legal thoughts of the Qin Dynasty. His ideas marked the turn of the Han economic policy from anarchism to government control, and thus exerted great influence upon the government's financial managemnent at that time and eased the financial crisis therein. As a model of success for a feudal chamberlain to conduct financial and legislative reforms, his economic and legislative ideas have been highly valued throughout the world. Such a study can be of reference for the current economic and financial reforms in China.