试论普通话轻声词的规范

The Regularization of Unstressed Words in Standard Chinese

随着现代汉语的不断发展,普通话的轻声词也在逐渐变化。通过大量轻声词的实例分析,认为对普通话轻声词进行规范十分重要,指出普通话轻声词的规范要根据语音发展实际,确立"必读轻声词语逐渐减少,可轻可不轻词语总数增加"的原则,提出在普通话的实际运用中,要保留能区分词义和词性的轻声,减少不具有区别意义、《现代汉语词典》和《普通话水平测试大纲》注音不一致、北京话读轻声而其它地区方言很少读轻声的词。

With the development of modern Chinese language, the unstressed words in standard Chinese have undergone subtle changes. Analyses to the unstressed words used in our daily life show that it is of vital necessity to regularize the pronunciation of these words. It is held in this paper that the regularization should conform to the actual development of Chinese language, and the number of words that must be unstressed should be decreased while those that can either be stressed or unstressed should be increased. Besides, in the actual use of standard Chinese, the unstressed words that can distinguish their meanings and part of speech should be kept. However, those that can not distinguish their meaning, or that are not consistent in pronunciation in both Modern Chinese Dictionary and The Teaching Syllabus of Standard Chinese, or that are unstressed by native Pekinese but stressed by people in other regions, should be decreased to the minimum size.