顾及入射角的全波形激光雷达数据校正方法

Full-waveform LiDAR Data Correction with Incidence Angle

相比于传统激光雷达,全波形激光雷达以非常小的采样间隔记录激光回波的全部信息并以数字化存储,经过处理可以得到能够反映地物固有特性的潜在特征。在全波形激光雷达回波数据处理中,对波形数据的校正是波形分解和地物目标特征提取的关键步骤。针对激光雷达系统获取数据过程中同类型建筑物目标对不同入射方向激光反射的差异,提出了一种全波形激光雷达数据的后向散射截面校正方法,建立了顾及入射角的波形数据校正模型。采用机载小光斑全波形激光雷达数据对提出的校正方法进行验证,结果表明:该校正方法能够对同类型建筑物目标的波形数据的后向散射截面进行归一化校正,消除不同入射角对该类目标后向散射截面的影响,极大提高后续建筑物目标精细分类和特征提取等应用的精度。

Compared with traditional LiDAR,Full-waveform LiDAR data can be digitally preserved in a very small sampling interval of the laser scattering echo pulse.Therefore the additional information reflecting the inherent characteristics of the surface features can be obtained after data processing.The accuracy of full-waveform LiDAR data processing determines the effectiveness of target information acquisition.Among the data processing procedures,data correction is a key step to the waveform decomposition and target feature extraction.In this paper,a backscatter cross-section correction model is proposed,which considers the differences of the same building reflection with different incidence angle.Airborne small footprint full-waveform lidar data is used to verify the correction model.The results show that the backscatter crosssection of building in same type can be normalization corrected by this correction model and the impact of different incidence angle is eliminated that improve the accuracy of applications such as building classification and feature extraction greatly.