空间太阳能电站分级分体式控制方式初探

Discussion on the Multi-level Multi-body Control of Space Solar Power Station

空间太阳能电站具有大尺度、大柔性的结构特性,由于分段组装及模块化设计,其执行机构和敏感器又具有分散布设的特点。针对电站结构中电池阵对日定向、天线阵对地定向和天线阵型面保持等控制精度差距较大、控制难度不一致的任务需求,提出同时满足不同结构控制精度并能实现燃料最优的控制系统设计准则。通过分析超大尺度空间结构在环境力矩以及对接组装过程中出现的振动现象,说明了电站控制的特殊性。借鉴分布式控制、多操纵面控制、带有活动部件的多体航天器姿态控制等控制方法,提出了适用于空间太阳能电站姿态轨道振动一体化控制的分级分体式控制方式,给出一种利用结构物理隔断实现不同结构单元隔振减振的建议。将其应用于空间太阳能电站姿态轨道控制系统中,将有可能减小控制难度,减少燃料消耗,提升控制冗余。

The space solar power station(SSPS) is a huge and flexible space structure. The main functional structures of the SSPS are the solar array and the microwave transmitting antenna. The sun pointing solar array need not the same attitude control accuracy with the antenna. The vibration of the solar array caused by environmental torques and control forces is coupled with the vibration of the antenna. On board assembly technology is used to build the SSPS. And in each assembled unit there is a set of control system including the sensors and the actuators. Based on the above characteristics of the SSPS, the vibration of a long boom and the vibration during the assembly are analyzed to explain the difference between the SSPS and traditional satellite. A multi-level and multi-body control method is proposed by taking the distributed control method, the multi-control surfaces control method and multi-body spacecraft with active components control method as reference. A method for the vibration attenuation and isolation with physical partition structure is suggested to use in the control system. It will reduce the difficulty of controlling and the fuel consumption, improve the redundancy.