运载火箭总体设计多学科优化方法发展及展望

An Overview of Multidisciplinary Optimization Method in Launch Vehicle Design

运载火箭总体设计是一项涵盖多学科的系统工程。在总体设计过程中,需要综合考虑弹道、气动、姿控等多个学科的设计方案及其相互间的耦合关系。多学科优化(MDO)方法通过不同的单级或多级模型对多学科系统进行近似建模,再利用相应数值算法迭代计算,从而逼近全局最优解。系统回顾了多学科优化方法在国内外的发展脉络,择要介绍了应用于总体设计的经典多学科优化模型架构、软件平台和实际算例,探讨了多学科优化方法在我国运载火箭总体设计中的应用价值和发展前景。

Launch vehicle design is a system engineering process that contains multiple disciplines.In the process of system design,multiple disciplines need to be taken into consideration,including trajectory,aerodynamics,attitude control as well as their coupling effects.Multidisciplinary optimization(MDO)method establishes an approximate model,which could be one-level or multi-level,and can effectively approach the best solution by using appropriate algorithm.In this work,the development of MDO method is systematically introduced,and several classical MDO methods are presented as well as its software platform and one application example.The value of MDO's application and future development in China's launch vehicle industry are stressed in the end of this paper.