低温推进剂集成管理技术的发展与启示

Development and Revelation of Integrated Vehicle Fluids

低温推进剂集成管理技术(IVF)是实现上面级等航天器长期在轨的新技术思路。通过将液氢液氧长期在轨产生的蒸汽与内燃机技术结合,实现贮箱增压、排气、姿控、沉底、发电功能一体化,减小航天器系统质量,增强任务灵活性。回顾了IVF模块设计的发展过程,探讨了IVF的技术优势,与燃料电池技术、蒸发量控制技术对比分析了IVF技术的使用范围及不足,提出了研究气氢气氧内燃机技术、IVF模块方案设计、系统仿真等关键技术的建议,并展望了其应用前景。

Integrated Vehicle Fluids(IVF)provides a novel way for long-duration space missions using spacecrafts such as upper stages by burning propellant vapor from LH2/LO2tank in a internal combustion engine,which can integrate tank pressurization/vent,attitude control,vehicle propellant settling,and power generation functions into a single system,reduce the mass of spacecraft system and increase mission flexibility.This article reviewes the development of IVF module design,discusses the advantages of IVF,analyzes its application scope and deficiency by comparing it to fuel cell technology and propellant transpiration control technology,puts forward some suggestions of reseaching key technologies such as H2/O2internal combustion engine technology,IVF module design and system simulation,and prospects its application foreground.