骨组织的多层次生物力学特性及本构关系

Hierarchical Biomechanical Properties and Constitutive Relationships of Bone Tissues

骨组织是人体主要的承重器官,其承载能力与自身生物力学特性密切相关。作为一种复杂的多层次生物材料,骨组织的生物力学特性由其自身结构和生物学特性等因素共同决定。在不同程度的力学载荷下,骨组织表现出不同的生物力学特性。因此,深入研究骨组织不同层次的生物力学特性,构建能够反映骨组织生物学特性的本构关系,量化骨组织对力学载荷的响应,实现从骨组织生物力学特性到力学生物学特性的研究,为临床治疗提供精确的理论依据,一直以来都是研究者关注的重点。基于骨组织多层次生物力学特性,对近年来骨组织本构方程的相关研究进行归纳总结。

As the main organ of the body,the load-bearing ability of bone is closely connected to its biomechanical properties.Bone is a complex hierarchical biomaterial,whose biomechanical properties are determined by its own structure and biological characteristics.Because of its mechanical adaptability,bone tissues represent different biomechanical properties under different mechanical loading.To quantify the complicated properties of bone and provide an accurate theoretical basis for clinical research,it is necessary to give insight into the biomechanical properties of bone at different levels and the constitutive relationships of bone tissues.In this review,relative researches on constitutive relationships in recent years were summarized based on its hierarchical biomechanical properties.