2000～2002年全国血吸虫病疫情监测点结果分析

National Surveillance of Schistosomiasis from 2000 to 2002

目的 掌握全国血吸虫病疫情监测点疫情变化规律。 方法 根据《全国血吸虫病疫情监测点方案》 ,对全国 2 1个监测点 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2年的疫情进行纵向观察。 结果 在全国各血吸虫病监测点中 ,2个监测点的病情、螺情连续三年下降 ;多数监测点居民血吸虫感染率呈下降趋势 ,8个监测点的耕牛感染率有所下降 ,另有 2个监测点连续 3年发生急性血吸虫感染。在上述监测点中 ,8个点的活螺密度和感染螺密度较 2 0 0 1年增加 ,其中有 6个点高于建点初的水平 ;湖南君山监测点 2 0 0 2年首次在垸内查找到感染性钉螺 ;已宣布消灭地区的上海枫泾监测点钉螺面积有扩大趋势。结论 现有防治措施在病情控制上有一定成效 ,但应长期坚持 。

Objective To identify the trends of endemic situation at the twenty-one national surveillance sites from 2000 to 2002. Methods According to the protocol of the national surveillance system, longitudinal surveillance of endemic situation of schistosomiasis was carried out at the twenty-one surveillance sites since 2000. Results Relative indexes of endemic situation of schistosomiasis decreased in two surveillance sites annually. The infection rate of Schistosoma japonicum in human population decreased in most surveillance sites. The infection rate of cattle decreased in eight surveillance sites. However, acute cases were found in two sites each year. The density of live snails and infected snails was higher compared with that in 2000 among eight sites and infected snails were found in inner embankment in Junshan surveillance sites, Hunan Province, in 2002 at first time. The snail ridden areas increased significantly in Fengjin sites, Shanghai, where schisotomiasis was eliminated years ago. Conclusion Current control strategies have some impact on the morbidity of schistosomiasis. However, these strategies should be lasted for longer time and surveillance on snails should be enhanced.