论香港行政长官普选与国际公约的关系

On Universal Suffrage of the HKSAR Chief Executive and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(ICCPR)

本文旨在回答香港行政长官普选的法律依据以及其所应遵循的相关准则问题,对这一问题的准确分析有助于澄清误识,确保行政长官普选沿着正确轨道进行。本文从本国法律与《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》的相容性、对上述公约第25条b项的理解、上述公约有关普选的内容不完整、行政长官普选有完整的法律依据、行政长官的普选符合上述公约、上述公约的保留和执行等方面加以论证。根据国际法,《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》有关普选的规定是不能直接适用于香港特区的,香港特区行政长官普选的依据只能是基本法和全国人大常委会的相关决定,但是,香港特区行政长官的普选是符合《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》的原则的。

Despite the statement that the ICCPR's provisions on universal suffrage is not applicable to the HKSAR from the point of view of international law, it is more appropriate politically to confirm that the universal suffrage of the HKSAR Chief Executive has complied in full with the ICCPR. This paper verifies this point from various aspects such as the compatibility between the Basic Law and the ICCPR, the understanding of Article 25( b) of the ICCPR and their incompleteness, the completeness of the Hong Kong Basic Law, and the reservation and the execution of the ICCPR.