“港独”思潮的演化趋势与法理应对

The Evolutionary Trend and Legal Response to the Thought of “Hong Kong Independence”

近年来极少数"港独"分子正在积极建构其理论体系,试图从法理上证成"港独"的合理性。"港独"理论呈现三种演变趋势,即从民主回归到民族自决、从香港城邦到革新保港、从文化本土到政治本土。"港独"分子试图曲解国际条约中有关"民族自决权"的条款,为"港独"寻求国际法基础和国外势力支持。事实上,由于香港居民无法构成独立民族,并且香港也并非联合国认可的殖民地或非自治领土,因而"民族自决权"无法适用于香港特区。反击"法理港独"需要遵循法治的方式,判定"港独"不属于言论自由的范畴。中央政府可以通过宪法在特区的实施、总结基本法解释的原则和技术、落实中央权力在香港常态化运行等方式,增强香港居民的国家认同意识,树立中央政府的政治权威,从根本上遏制"港独"势力。

In recent years,the advocates of'Hong Kong independence'attempt actively to construct their theoretical system,which describe the Hong Kong SAR as an independent nation,and therefore justify the legitimacy of Hong Kong independence.Localism and self-determination are the core conceptions of their theoretical system.The evolutionary trends of'Hong Kong independence'appear in three ways:from democratic reunification to national self-determination; from the theory of city-state to'reform and preservation of Hong Kong'; from cultural localism to political localism.Meanwhile,the advocates of'Hong Kong independence'try to misinterpret the provisions of the international treaties on'national self-determination'and seek the support from foreign forces for'Hong Kong independence'to prove the validity of their independence demands.As a matter of fact,the Hong Kong residents cannot constitute an independent nation,and the Hong Kong SAR is not the colony or non-selfgoverning territory recognized by the United Nations.Therefore,the'right of national self-determination'does not apply to Hong Kong SAR.In practice,the speech of'Hong Kong independence'does not belong to the scope of freedom of speech.The central government could enhance the national identity of Hong Kong residents and curb the'Hong Kong independence'forces fundamentally through im-plementing the Constitution in Hong Kong,summarizing the principles and techniques in the interpretation of Hong Kong Basic Law,and exercising the powers of the central government in Hong Kong.