回归二十年来香港科技创新发展的SWOT分析及前瞻

The SWOT Analysis and Prospect of the Scientific and Technological Innovation and Development in Hong Kong over the Two Decades Since Its Return

本文利用SWOT分析法对回归20年来香港科技创新发展进行了分析。研究发现,从香港本身来看,香港科技创新的主要优势包括创新人才储备丰富、科技基础设施与研发实力扎实、具有一定的制度环境优势以及香港具有独特的区位优势与成果合作转化平台;但存在科技创新产业规模较小、研发投入不足且效果不佳、科技创新企业融资困难、科技创新人才流失严重、知识产权商业化率低等突出问题。从外部环境分析来看,香港既面临全球科技创新和产业革命兴起、亚洲经济崛起、国家实施创新驱动战略、中央政府大力支持香港科技创新发展以及粤港创新平台地位的再提升等机遇,也需要面对内地特别是珠三角科技竞争的压力以及与内地合作的制度性障碍等威胁。香港推动科技创新发展的方向:充分发挥"超级联系人"的角色,打造粤港澳大湾区创新共同体,注重科研人才培养,政府加大鼓励支持力度等战略举措。

This paper uses SWOT analysis to analyse the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities,and threats of Hong Kong's scientific and technological innovation and development.The study has found that,from Hong Kong itself,the main advantages of Hong Kong's technological innovation include rich pool of innovative talents,strong technological infrastructure and R&D,perfect institutional environment and policy system,and Hong Kong's unique geographical advantage and achievement transformation platform.However,there are prominent problems such as the small-scale of technological innovation industry,the lack and ineffectiveness of R&D investment,the financing difficulty of the scientific and technological innovation enterprises,the serious loss of scientific and technological innovation talents,the low commercialization rate of intellectual property.From the external environment analysis,Hong Kong is faced with some opportunities such as the rise of global scientific and technological innovation and industrial revolution,the rise of Asian economy,the national implementation of innovation-driven strategy,the central government's support for the development of scientific and technological innovation and the upgrading of Hong Kong and Guangdong' s innovation platform.Hong Kong also needs to face the threats including the uncertainties in the world economic situation,the pressure of scientific and technological competition from the Mainland especially the Pearl River Delta,and the institutional barriers to cooperation with the Mainland.On the basis of the above analysis,the paper foresees the direction of Hong Kong to promote the development of science and technology innovation:giving full play to the role of 'super-contact',creating 'Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao' Greater Bay Area Innovation Community,paying attention to nurturing talents for scientific research,and increasing support efforts and other strategic initiatives by the government.