维护中央全面管治权与保障特区高度自治权有机结合的澳门启示

On Organic Combination of Maintenance of Overall Jurisdiction of the Central Government and Assurance of the High Degree of Autonomy in the Macao Special Administrative Region

本文从六个方面,总结了澳门特区近20年来维护中央全面管治权与保障特区高度自治权有机结合的实践经验。主要是:在机制空白领域,将特区高度自治权与维护宪法基本法的宪制基础相结合;在理解纷争领域,坚守特别行政区在国家体制中的定位,维护中央的权威和法定权力,将特区政制发展与中央主导相结合,将特区高度自治权与中央监督权相结合;在触及底线的领域,坚守"一国"原则,履行特区的宪制责任,将特区自治权与维护国家主权、安全、发展利益相结合;在促进特区发展方面,要将澳门居民参与管理国家事务权利与便利澳门居民内地发展相结合,并将特区履行主体责任与中央支持保障特区长期繁荣稳定相结合。

From six aspects, this paper summarizes the practical experience of organic combination of maintaining overall jurisdiction of the central government and ensuring the high degree of autonomy in the Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR) in the past 20 years. The gist is as follows: Given the void of the mechanism, the high degree of the SAR autonomy is combined with safeguarding the constitutional basis of the Constitution and the Basic Law;for understanding disputes, the position of the SAR in the state’s system is adhered to, the authority and statutory power of the central government are maintained, the SAR political system’s development is steered by the central government, and the high degree autonomy of the SAR is combined with the supervisory power of the central government;in the case of reaching the bottom line, the principle of 'One Country' is upheld, the constitutional responsibility of the SAR is fulfilled, and the autonomy of the SAR and the endeavor for safeguarding the state sovereignty, security and development are combined;in terms of promoting the development of the SAR, the rights of Macao residents to participate in state affairs shall be combined with the facilitation of the Macao residents’ development in the Mainland;in the meanwhile, the performance of the main responsibility of the SAR shall be combined with the central government’s support for its long-term prosperity and stability.