阳灵隧道充填溶洞综合预报及突泥事故治理

Comprehensive Geological Prediction of Filling Cavity and Treatment of Mud Inrush for Yangling Tunnel

突水突泥灾害是岩溶隧道施工中经常面对的严峻挑战.综合采用地震方法和电磁方法对阳灵隧道F_1断裂带开展了超前地质预报,准确地预报了充填溶洞的位置和规模.突泥事故治理过程中,首先采取稳定塌落体、封堵下泄口和加固已有支护等措施控制灾情;然后利用三台阶法和双层钢拱架支护通过了溶洞影响段;最后,采用地质雷达探测了溶洞规模和充填情况,并对围岩和支护结构的受力变形状况进行监测.结果表明,综合超前地质预报是探测隧道不良地质体的有效途径,"控制灾情,谨慎开挖,事后监控,确保安全"是突泥事故治理的合理原则.

In karst areas,water and mud inrush disasters often happen during tunnel construction.Both the seismic method and electromagnetic method were used to forecast the geological situation in front of tunnel face due to the F1 fault zone orthogonal to Yangling Tunnel.The filling cave was predicted with relative accuracy.In order to manage the mud inrush accident,a series of effective construction measures were firstly took to stabilize the collapse body,plug the discharge channel and reinforce existing supports.Then the segment of Yangling Tunnel affected by the karst cave was excavated successfully using three-bench method and double steel arch.Finally,the scale and filling condition of the cave were explored via the geology radar.Furthermore,the stress and deformation states were monitored for the surrounding rock and supporting structure.The results prove that:（ 1） Comprehensive geological prediction is an effective way to forecast defective geological bodies during tunnel construction;（ 2） The principle,'control the crisis,excavate discreetly and monitor afterwards ',is reasonable to mange mud inrush accidents.