沥青质分散剂评价方法改进与新型高效分散剂合成

Improvement of Measurement Method and Synthesis of New Asphaltene Dispersant

为了更加高效准确地评价沥青质分散剂,首次利用测定掺稀后黏度变化的实验方法取代现有沉淀评价方法,结合对现有市售分散剂的评价结果,分析了原有方法的缺点与不足。利用新方法探索了不同基团、链长、结构对分散剂分散性能的影响。结果表明,在用沉淀法测定时,强极性的烷基苯磺酸和长链离子液体分散剂出现增稠现象。针对塔河某掺稀井最为合适的沥青质分散剂应是具有C18烷基链长、含有2~4个极性头基团的多胺类非离子型表面活性剂。在此基础上,以油酸和二乙烯三胺合成了新型的长链烷基酰胺二胺型沥青质分散剂。通过掺稀黏度法测得,新合成的分散剂与沥青混合液在30、60℃下的平均黏度为890和277 m Pa·s,比常用的Span80多元醇类分散剂分别提高27%和46%。

In order to evaluate asphaltene dispersant effectively and accurately,the diluting viscosity alteration measurement method was carried out for the first time,and the defect of old precipitation method was analyzed combining with the evaluation results of commercially available dispersants. The effect of different groups,chain length and structure on the dispersion performance of dispersant was studied by the new method. The results showed that when precipitation method was used to measure the dispersant,alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and long chain ionic liquid with strong polarity caused serious concentration. According to a well of blending diluting oil in Tahe oilfield,the most suitable asphaltene dispersant was amine nonionic surfactant with C18 alkyl chain length and 2—4 polar groups. Based on this conclusion,a new type of long-chain alkyl amide asphaltene dispersant was synthesized by using oleic acid and diethylenetriamine. By diluting viscosity alteration measurement method,the average viscosity of dispersant and asphalt mixture was 890 and 277 m Pa·s at 30℃ and 60℃ respectively,which increased 27% and 46% than that of commercial dispersant Span80.