对“並定不送气”的一个演化音法学解释

The Unaspirated Bing and Ding:An Explain of Evolutionary Phonology

在湘南、粤北土话和粤西粤方言中,存在着古並、定母今读不送气,其他古全浊音的塞音今读送气的现象。文章以演化音法学为出发点,推测这些方言的古全浊音原为气声,依一般的语音变异、演化方向,气声消失后转化为送气音。而在此之前,帮、端母从[p,t]变为内爆音[b,d],留下[p,t]空档吸引並、定母,形成拉链变化,所以它们后来读不送气音。帮、端母变内爆音也是一种自然的音法演化过程,未必与语音接触有关。文章还讨论了这个类型中的两个次类。

There is a change type of Ancient Quanzhuoyin全浊音 in Tuhua 土话of Southern-Hunan and Northern-Guangdong,and Yue Dialect of WesternGuangdong,that Bing并 and Ding定 are the unaspirated onset consonants, and other are the aspirated. Based on the evolutionary phonologicay, this paper speculated that the Ancient Quanzhuoyin of these dialects was the breathy voices.According to the general phonetic variation and evolution direction, the breathy voice converted to the aspirate consonant. But ere this,Bang帮 and Duan端changed from [p, t] to implosives [b,d],and leaving [p, t] as the 'case vide' in the system,attracted Bing and Dingy forming drag chain changes, so they became the unaspirated consonants later. It is also a natural phonetic evolution process that [p, t] implosiving,which may not be related to phonetic contact. Two sub classes in this type are also discussed in this paper.