领有动词与完成体表达的类型学研究

Typological Research on Possession Verbs and Expression of Perfect Aspect

文章采用语言类型学的研究方法,在汉藏语系、印欧语系、阿尔泰语系、南亚语系等语系中寻找领有动词演变为完成体标记的语言样本,证明完成体标记来源于领有动词是人类语言的一种普遍现象;同时,通过与其他完成体标记的演变方式对比分析,探求跨语言中领有动词与完成体标记的语法化动因,认为领有动词是经由结果体结构演变为了完成体标记,这一演变现象具有类型学上的普遍性。

From a typological perspective,this paper uses language samples from Sino-Tibetan,Indo-European,Austro-Tai and Austro-Asiatic languages as research objects to analyze possession verbs and the expression of the perfect aspect.Meanwhile,this paper aims to prove that possession verbs evolving into markers of the perfect aspect is a normal language phenomenon.And thispaper also finds out the motivation of the grammaticalization of possession verbs and perfect aspect from the typological view.It is argued that it is a typological language universal that possession verbs firstly evolve into the resultative aspect,then into the perfect aspect.