构式形态学视阈下词语复合与派生的统一阐释

Construction Morphology and a Unified Interpretation for Word Compounding and Derivation

传统形态学乃至当今主流分布形态学通常都把复合和派生这两个主要构词手段区分开来,但是文章从构式形态学(Booij 2010, 2016)角度出发,认为适当抽象程度的构式认知模板可以将二者统一起来,在进行复合和派生形态学操作时通常不需要对二者采取截然不同的处理手段。鉴于包括加前缀词、类词缀(affixoids)及合成复合词(synthetic compounds)在内的很多复合与派生边界不明的现象,文章试图在构式形态学(CM)认知模板思想指导下找到复合与派生之间的共性和相互转化的认知基础及语言学阐释。在对比传统形态学、主流分布形态学(DM)及构式形态学(CM)对同一现象的分析中我们看到,CM具有明显的直观性、心理真实性及理论概括性。

Although traditional morphology and the current mainstream DM morphology try to demarcate the borderline between compounding and derivation,this paper holds from the Construction Morphology(Booij 2010,2016)perspective that they can be unified with constructional schemas of a proper degree of abstraction.Starting from the overlapping and duality phenomena found in prefixation,affixoid and synthetic compound instances,with the guidance of construction morphology(CM),this paper attempts to interpret the commonality of and the convertability between some of the compound and derived words.By contrasting the different analyses from traditional morphology,mainstream distributed morphology(DM),and CM,it is shown that CM enjoys obvious directness,mental reality,and theoretical generality.