双孢蘑菇培养料发酵过程中细菌群落动态变化

Dynamics of Bacterial Communities of Agaricus bisporus Compost

双孢蘑菇产量的最主要影响因素是培养料的堆肥发酵过程,而微生物是其中的主要推动力。为了揭示工厂化生产双孢蘑菇堆肥发酵过程中的微生物群落结构变化及演替规律,深入了解细菌在堆肥发酵过程中作用,文章以工厂化生产双孢蘑菇堆肥为研究对象,采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术分析堆肥前、一次发酵、二次发酵过程中细菌群落特征。共产生有效操作分类单元(OTUs) 854个,涵盖了19门259属的细菌。堆肥前优势类群为Proteobacteria,一次发酵优势类群为Firmicutes、Deinococcus-Thermus等,二次发酵时绿弯菌门Chloroflexi为主要类群。研究结果表明:微生物种类和数量随堆肥过程不断升高,并在二次发酵后降低,且微生物群落结构呈现连续变化的规律。高通量测序还发现了很多未分类细菌,说明双孢蘑菇培养料堆肥样品中还蕴含着大量未知的微生物种类。

Agaricus bisporus compost is the very critical for mushroom producing,and the microbial ecology in the system is the underlying drive of composting.The study was aimed to investigate the bacterial communities in Agaricus bisporus compost.The samples at the beginning and the end of phaseⅠandⅡcompost were collected and analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rDNA.A total of 854 different Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs)were obtained.They were classified into 19 phyla and 259 genus.Dominant microflora before composting belonged to phyla Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Deinococcus-Thermus for phaseⅠ,and Chloroflexi for phaseⅡ.The results showed that bacterial species and numbers were increased at first,and then deceased after phaseⅡcompost through bacterial diversity analysis.The microbial community structure was altered continuously.The mount of unidentified bacterial OTUs were detected,indicating unknown species in compost.