YH127坑疾病卜辭系連初探——以貞卜丮與■“殙”事件爲例

A Tentative Connection between Desease Divinatory Inscriptions from Pit YH127 as Exemplified by Divination Events on丮Jǐand殙Hūn

YH127出土一萬餘片甲骨,最初學者曾指出應可以對其排譜,但缺乏確實的武丁王年數,以及賓組卜辭中並無王年記錄,甚至有的也没有月份或干支,因此很難做出絕對性的曆日,導致整體的排譜工作難以取得突破性的發展。幾年前我曾在《說殷卜辭的圭字》(《漢字研究》第一辑)一文利用祭祀王亥用琮與十牛及用淑與十牛的事類證明丙112的干支甲申與丙100丙戌時間是差三天,因此利用事類來做卜辭時間的系連仍有可探討的餘地。卜辭中占卜貴族'殆'(暴斃)或'死'的事件甚多,經常是獨立的事件而無法系聯其干支。本文透過綴合YHl27坑三版占卜丮與允'殙'的事件,其干支丁卯-戊辰-己巳前後相連,嘗試排列出兩人瀕死前的時間序列。兩名貴族同時瀕死的事件多次發生的可能性極低,應該是同一件事三天連續占卜。

When over ten thousand OB pieces were unearthed from pit YH127sholars pointed out that it should be possible to annalistically compile them,but the lack of reliable Wuding's reign numbers and other calendar day components of an absolute character has made any breakthrough in this direction hard to reach.There have been since one or two dissertation thesis attempting to tie in a series of divination events on Fu Hao's military campaigns or childbirths,but there is no guarantee that such events occured only once in her life time.And even if,to take this into account,one were to postulate that different occurrences of these events could only have happened in a small time span of one or two years,this would be nothing less than arbitrary.However,it is still possible to connect divinatory inscriptions.There are many divinatory events asking about the sudden(or not sudden)death of aristocrats,mostly isolate and of which it is impossible to tie in a date.In this paper an attempt is made to annalistically compile the temporal sequence of the last days of two individuals by making use of the rejoigning of three plates unearthed from pit YH127bearing divinatory events on丮Jǐand殙Hūn with the three connected cyclical dates丁卯(=4),戊辰(=5)and己巳(=6).Since,compared with war and childbirth,it is extremely unlikely to have divinatory events on the simultaneous last days of two aristocrats repeated a number of times,these should be asking about one such event on three consecutive days.