料想義動詞的成詞途徑

Word-formation Approaches of the Verbs of Expectation

料想義動詞是描述對事件可能性的認識的認知行爲狀態動詞。本文探討料想義單音動詞(15個)和複合動詞(39個)的成詞途徑及成詞機制。料想義單音動詞主要由本義爲認知行爲義、物理行爲義和言語行爲義的動詞演變而來。料想義複合動詞主要由這些單音動詞爲語素和一些非料想義語素加合固化、組合固化、加合轉義、組合轉義而來,另有已有複合詞轉義而來的。轉義而來的料想義動詞的成詞機制主要是語用推理和轉喻。

The verbs with meaning of expectation are epistemic ones which describe the cognitive state about event possibility.This paper discusses the approaches and mechanisms of word-formation of those verbs,including 15 monosyllables and 39 compounds.Monosyllabic verbs of this kind derived mainly from the verbs which denote originally cognitive acts,physical acts and speech acts.There exist five approaches in terms of word-formation of this type of compound verbs:joint-solidifying,phrase-solidifying,joint-transferring,phrase-transferring,and meaning-transferring.The mechanisms of meaning-transferring are mainly pragmatic inference and metonymy.