浅析1960年代美国对泰国的“反叛乱”政策

A Study on the U.S. "Counter-Insurgency" Policy in Thailand in the 1960s

上世纪六十年代,泰国与其他东南亚国家一道,经历了所谓共产主义阵营支持与领导下的“叛乱”。国内外共产主义势力的介入是“叛乱”活动产生的直接因素,而泰国社会长期发展过程中遗留的问题及现代化过程中产生的诸多不稳定因素则是产生“叛乱”的主因。六十年代,泰国的“叛乱”活动经历了发生、发展、高潮、衰退四个阶段。美国认为中国与泰国共产党保持着密切联系,在多个领域对泰国的“叛乱”活动予以支持,是泰国“叛乱”活动的幕后推手。美国基本依据“反叛乱”理论及文件的相关原则支持泰国的“反叛乱”行动,并取得了一定的成效。泰国是美国在东南亚的重要合作伙伴和坚定盟友,1960年代美国深度介入泰国的“反叛乱”活动,并赋予其国际战略意义。

In the 1960 s,Thailand,along with other southeast Asian countries,suffered the so-called "insurgency" which was supported and led by the communist bloc.Communist forces intervening from home and abroad are a direct catalyst for " insurgency",while historical issues emerged from the long-term development of Thailand’s society and many unstable factors generated from modernization were the main reasons for "insurgency".There were four phases of the "insurgency" in Thailand during the 1960s:occurance,escalation,climax and decline.The United States held the view that the Communist Party of China,which maintained close relations with the Communist Party of Thailand,supported the Thai "insurgency" in mutiple areas,and was the major driving force behind the scene.The U.S.government supported Thailand’s "counter-insurgency" mainly according to related theories and principles on paper,and it got some success.Thailand is the major partner and staunch alliance of the United States in southeast Asia.The U.S.Government was deeply involved in the "counter-insurgent" affairs in the 1960 s and gave it international strategic significance.