女性解放与五四时期的个人主义——以“李超事件”为中心的探讨

Women's Liberation And Individualism during the Period of May 4th Movement——"Li Chao Case" as the Center of the Study

1919年北京学界借新女性李超之死掀起了一场颇具规模的追悼会,胡适、陈独秀、梁漱溟等知识精英受邀与会,并对当时讨论热烈的个人主义和女性解放问题从学理和事实层面上纷纷建言献计。这些演说反映了知识分子们对女性解放问题的不同看法,在女子教育滞后、女子无财产继承权和传统婚姻制度等问题上,产生了激烈的争辩。就本质而言,这场争辩展现了激烈反传统的五四时代下女性解放与个人主义的交锋与碰撞、杂糅与冲突,使女性解放问题溢出其冲突核心的性别观念,演变为个人自由与家庭专制的代际冲突,以及传统与现代的文化冲突,显示出五四时代女性解放与个人主义之间复杂而微妙的关系。

In 1919,Beijing scholars held a large-scale memorial service for Li Chao's death. Hu Shi,Chen Duxiu,Liang Shuming and other intellectuals who were invited to the meeting raised a sharp controversy over the topics of individualism and women's liberation. They offered many a suggestion on both theoretical perspective and factual level about the seriousness of the problems of women's education,property,marriage,and so on. In essence,these debates reflected the fierce climate during the 1920 s,which made the problem of women's liberation overflowed its core gender conflict,and shifted to the conflict between individual freedom and family authoritarian,traditional culture and modernity,showing the complex and delicate relationship between women's liberation and individualism during the period of the May 4th movement.