民族建设场域中的女子教育——以民初《女子国文》为例

Women's Education in the Field of Nation Building——Based on Women's Textbook of Chinese in Early Republic of China

民国初年,部分有识之士重新定位女性角色,希望通过改造女性实现强国保种、挽救民族危机。教材作为新伦理精神普及的重要载体,也会宣扬与社会环境相匹配的价值观。通过对《女子国文》全六册教材的话语分析可以发现,女性教材的内容主要包括:知识教育、道德教育以及爱国教育,并且这三部分内容都是以民族复兴建设为暗线,指向强国保种的目标的。民初女子教育的直接目的并不是为了解放女性,而是救亡图存话语下对女性社会功能的设计,但是不可否认它为进一步实现女性解放做出的贡献。

In early Republic of China,some men of insight reexamined the role of women. They hoped that by women’s reform,women can 'serve the country by producing sons'and national crisis could be solved in turn. Textbook is a carrier of new values. Through discourse analysis of women’s textbook of Chinese,it is found that women’s textbooks mainly contained three types of education: knowledge education,moral education,and patriotic education. All these three types were planned to reform women,so that they can'serve the country by producing sons '. During this period,women’s education was aimed at nation building instead of women liberation. However,it lays foundation for the following liberation of women.