反不正当竞争法一般条款的适用及反思

Application and Reflection of General Terms of Anti-Unfair Competition Law

2017年11月4日新《反不正当竞争法》获得通过,该法第二章明确列举了七种不正当竞争行为,并设置"互联网专条"回应近年来频发的互联网新型不正当竞争行为,以减轻一般条款(1)的压力。但开放和激烈的市场竞争仍在持续,市场竞争行为的多样化和易变性不可逆转,反不正当竞争法不可能对所有的竞争行为都做出具体化和可预见性的规定,过分追赶技术的发展,只能是削足适履,并不能从根本上解决问题,充分利用一般条款的强大生命力,以包容性规则迎接技术挑战才是正途。因此,明确一般条款的适用边界,探索我国一般条款适用的基本模式,无论是对研究新法中无法覆盖的不正当竞争行为,还是为解决新法颁布以前就已存在的大量互联网新型不正当竞争行为之外的不正当竞争问题都将具有重大意义。

The new Anti-Unfair Competition Law has been passed on November 4,2017. To release the pressure of the general terms,the second chapter of the law clearly lists seven behaviours of unfair competition and sets the ' internet protocol' to eliminate new type of unfair competition on the Internet that has become more frequent in recent years. However,the market competition is still fierce and competitive activities exist in various forms and keep croping up;therefore,anti-unfair competition law can not give any concrete and predictable provisions on all competitive behaviors. Focusing excessively on technological development is just like cutting one’ s feet to fit the shoes so it can not fundamentally solve the problem;therefore,making full use of the vitality of the general provisions is the right way to meet the technical challenge through inclusive rules.So it is necessary to clarify the applicable boundary of the general terms and to explore the basic mode to which the general terms of our country applies. It is of great significance both to study the unfair competition that can not be covered by the new law and to solve the issue of unfair competition other than the new types of unfair competition on the Internet that existed before the promulgation of the new law.