关于人身保护令不能生成事实预决效力的冷思考

Cold Thoughts on the Fact Pre-determination Effect of Habeas Corpus

2016年《反家庭暴力法》的正式施行,彰显出我国公权力对家暴受害人的救济范围从事后救济延伸至事前预防阶段。特别是《反家庭暴力法》中的人身保护令制度,为家暴受害人提供了全方位的法律层面的保护。人身保护令的设立初衷即是为了保护家暴当事人,然而,在司法实践当中,司法裁判人员对于人身保护令是否具备事实预决效力、是否能够成为后续离婚诉讼案件的已决事实的判断仍然模糊不清。从人身保护令的内涵价值和施行现状来看,人身保护令并不具备产生事实预决效力的形成基础。法律规定的合理界限范围内正确使用人身保护令,对于规范人身保护令的执行、贯彻人身保护令的设立宗旨具有重大意义。

The implementation of the Anti-domestic violence Law in 2016 shows that the relief scope of the public power to the victims of domestic violence extends from ex post relief to the stage of prior prevention. In particular, the habeas corpus system in the domestic violence Law provides comprehensive legal protection for victims of domestic violence. The original intention of habeas corpus is to protect the parties to domestic violence. However, in judicial practice, judicial officials have the effect of pre-determination of the facts of habeas corpus. It remains unclear whether the judgement will be a determined fact in the subcequent divorce case. Judging from the intrinsic value and current status of the habeas corpus, habeas corpus does not have the basis to produce factual pre-determination effect. The correct use of habeas corpus within the reasonable limits stipulated by law is of great significance for standardizing the execution of habeas corpus and carrying out the purpose of establishing habeas corpus.