蛋白质异戊二烯化修饰作用研究进展

A review of protein isoprenylation

异戊二烯化修饰作用是指在法尼基蛋白转移酶(FTase)或牻牛儿酰牻牛儿基蛋白转移酶I和Ⅱ(GGTase-Ⅰ和GGTase-Ⅱ)的催化下往蛋白质结构上加入聚异戊二烯基团的一种蛋白质翻译后修饰。法尼基蛋白转移酶(FTase)和牻牛儿酰牻牛儿基蛋白转移酶Ⅰ和Ⅱ(GGTase-Ⅰ和GGTase-Ⅱ)分别催化法尼基化和牻牛儿酰牻牛儿基化。被修饰蛋白的羧基端具有CysAAX结构(FTase、GGTase-Ⅰ催化)或其末端为CC或者CXC序列(GGTase-Ⅱ催化)。异戊二烯化修饰作用与癌症、胚胎形成、成人体内稳态、血管形成、认知能力、遗传病等有关。

As a posttranslational protein modification,protein will be added polyisoprene groups in the process of isoprenylation,catalyzed by farnesyltransferase( FTase) or geranylgeranyltransferase type Ⅰ(GGTaseⅠ) and geranylgeranyltransferase type Ⅱ( GGTase-Ⅱ). FTase and GGTase-Ⅰ / GGTase-Ⅱ catalyze farnesylation and geranylgeranylation,respectively. The carboxyl terminals of modified proteins have CysAAX structure( catalyzed by FTase and GGTase-Ⅰ) or their terminals are CC or CXC sequence( catalyzed by GGTase-Ⅱ).Isoprenylation is related to cancer,embryogenesis,adult homeostasis, angiopoiesis, cognitive ability and genetic disease.