试析王尔德性格中的悲剧因素

Factors of Tragedy in Oscar Wilde’s Character

奥斯卡·王尔德人生悲剧的酿成,除了诸多外在力量的驱迫,也有其本人性格上的原因。优渥的家境、良好的禀赋、精英式的教育在成就其天才的同时,也让他养成了虚荣、奢侈的习气,他过于倚重社会评价与外在尺度,却失去了一个作家应有的内在定力。此外,超脱的气质、纨绔子式的自恋以及父亲放浪作风的影响,使他难以投入真挚的爱情和严肃的婚姻生活,后来,他在同性恋的激情冒险中误入歧途。更为可悲的是,王尔德还缺乏果决的意志力,不仅在讼案的关键时刻受制于人,而且在获释后也未能从新的、更高的思想起点走向'新生'。所有这些都是造成作家悲剧的重要的主观原因。

In additional to various external factors,Oscar Wilde’s life tragedy is attributable to his own character.Brought up in a well-off family,talented,welleducated,he achieved great success;in the meantime,he developed such character flaws as vanity and extravagance,which made him attach too much importance to public assessment and external criteria and thus lost his self-control.Due to his detached temperament,his dandy narcissism and the influences from his womanizing father,he did not believe in heterosexual love,nor did he take marriage seriously.All this went astray in his passionate homosexual adventures.Moreover,Oscar Wilde was so weak-willed that he became absolutely subject to others at those fateful moments of his litigations,resulting in a failure to start a new life after his release from prison.Such were main subjective causes of Wilde’s tragedy.