铁死亡的调控机制及其在肝疾病中的作用研究进展

Research advances in regulation mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in liver diseases

铁死亡是近年来新发现的一种细胞死亡方式,是由于细胞内铁离子水平异常升高,导致氧化还原失衡,细胞膜发生脂质过氧化,最终细胞膜破裂导致细胞死亡。目前认为铁死亡的中心环节是铁代谢和活性氧代谢。铁死亡涉及多种生理和病理过程,包括癌细胞死亡、神经毒性、缺血再灌注损伤和T细胞免疫等。越来越多的研究表明,在多种肝病的发生发展过程中,均出现不同程度的铁过载以及脂质活性氧堆积等铁死亡特征,而铁死亡可以通过调节细胞内铁离子水平及脂质过氧化程度,影响肝疾病的进程。因此,调控铁死亡可能是一种新的治疗肝疾病的策略。本文综述了铁死亡及其在肝疾病中的研究进展,为探索肝疾病的治疗方法提供理论基础。

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered way in which cells die,which is essentially different from classical apoptosis and necrosis.Ferroptosis is caused by abnormal increase in iron levels in cells,resulting in an imbalance of redox,lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane,and eventually cell membrane rupture,leading to cell death.Iron metabolism and active oxygen metabolism are considered to be the central links of ferroptosis.Ferroptosis involves many physiological and pathological processes,including cancer cell death,neurotoxicity,ischemia/reperfusion injury and T cell immunity.More and more studies have shown that iron overload and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species occur to different degrees during the occurrence and development of various liver diseases.Ferroptosis can affect the progress of liver diseases by regulating intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation.Therefore,regulating ferroptosis may be a new strategy for treating liver diseases.This article reviews recent advances in ferroptosis and its role in liver diseases,providing a theoretical basis for exploring treatments for liver diseases.