论后发国家生态危机的实质与生态文明理论应有的价值立场

Study on the Essence of the Ecological Crisis of Late-developing Countries and the Value Position of the Ecological Civilization Theory

后发国家生态危机的根源并不是如西方"深绿"和"浅绿"思潮所说的是人口增长过快和追求经济发展,而是由资本主义现代化、全球化和资本的全球分工所造成的。这就意味着资本要为后发国家生态危机担负责任。但是,西方"深绿"和"浅绿"思潮的生态文明理论却仅仅拘泥于生态价值观的视角谈论生态危机的根源与出路,由此导致了以追求环境正义为主要价值诉求的穷人的环保运动的产生。后发国家生态危机的实质不仅要求我们把如何实现生态环境资源的分配和正义的问题作为解决生态危机的主要问题,而且也要求后发国家的生态文明理论应该成为一种维护民族国家发展权和环境权的发展观而存在;也应该作为一种维护全球人类共同利益的境界论而存在。

The root cause of the ecological crisis in late-developing countries is not the fast-growing population and the pursuit of economic development put forward by the Western'dark green'and'light green'thoughts,but the modernization of capitalism,globalization and the global division of capital.This means that capital is responsible for the ecological crisis of late-developing countries.However,the Western Ecological Civilization Theory involving'dark green'and'light green'thoughts only focuses on the perspective of ecological values when discussing the roots and solutions of ecological crisis,which leads to the environmental movement of the poor who pursue environmental justice as their main value.The essence of the ecological crisis of late-developing countries not only requires us to realize the problem of the distri?bution and justice of ecological environment resources as the main problem to solve the ecological crisis,but also requires that the ecological civilization theory of the late-developing countries should become a kind of safeguarding the development rights of the nation-state;It should also exist as a kind of realm theory to safeguard the common interests of mankind all over the world.