乡愁乌托邦:黄锦树“旧家系列”小说的“归乡”主题

Nostalgia Utopia: The Theme of "Returning Home" in Huang Jinshu's "Old Home Series" Novels

挥之不去的乡愁是人类普遍的生命体验。在世界文学领域,不同的乡愁书写个案反映着不同作者的生命体验与审美表达。当代海外华人的乡愁是在离散的生存方式下所产生的一种心理情结和文化诉求,马华作家黄锦树将这种情结表现在他的文学创作中,形成了他的"旧家系列"小说,其中《乌暗瞑》《火与土》和《旧家的火》尤其凸显了"归乡"主题。黄锦树"南洋之子"与"中国后裔之子"的双重身份,生成思想情感的张力与文化身份认同的焦虑,折射出无数马华人在政治流亡与文化放逐境遇的孤独与酸涩,使得他的归乡书写在文化混杂的背景下呈现出多元色彩,体现出乡愁乌托邦的美学特征。

The lingering nostalgia is the universal life experience of mankind.In the field of world literature,different nostalgic writing cases reflect different writers’life experience and aesthetic expression.The nostalgia of Contemporary Overseas Chinese is a kind of psychological complex and cultural appeal arising from the discrete way of life.Huang Jinshu,a Malaysian Chinese writer,expresses this complex in his literary creation and forms his'Old Home Series'novels.Among them,Wu Yin Gong,Fire and Earth and Fire in the Old Home highlight the theme of'returning home'.Huang Jinshu’s dual identity of'son of the South Ocean'and'son of Chinese descen?dants'generates tension of thoughts and emotions and anxiety of cultural identity.It reflects the loneliness and sourness of countless Malaysian Chinese in political exile and cultural exile.It makes his'Returning Home'writing show multiple colors under the background of mixed cultures and reflects the aesthetic characteristics of nostalgic utopia..