《现代汉语八百词》中的韵律现象及其韵律语法的早期探索

The Prosodic Phenomena and Preliminary Explorations of Prosodic Grammar in Eight Hundred Words in Modern Chinese (《现代汉语八百词》)

本文讨论了《现代汉语八百词》释义中的216条韵律语法现象(见文后附录)。文中首先归纳了现象背后的12大类单双音节(简称'单双')制约下的语法规则,其次讨论了其所发现的语法现象的重要价值。文章认为:尽管马建忠最早提出了韵律影响词序的看法,但《现代汉语八百词》已用非法标记('×')明确标出韵律不允许但句法合法的现象,把韵律影响语法的研究向前推进了一大步。当然,时代的局限也使它无法避免归纳不充分、表述不清以及以倾向代替规律等方面的不足。文章最后指出,《现代汉语八百词》虽属早期研究,但对今天以及将来的韵律语法的探索,仍有启发和推动的作用。

This article discusses 216 prosodic grammatical phenomena in Eight Hundred Words in Modern Chinese(see the appendix at the end of the article).It firstly summarizes the 12 types of grammatical rules of the monosyllables and disyllables behind the phenomena.Secondly,it discusses the significance of the grammatical phenomena.This article proposes that although Ma Jianzhong was the first to present the view that prosody influences word order,Eight Hundred Words in Modern Chinese had already used the illegal marker'×'to clearly mark the phenomena which were unacceptable prosodically but were syntactically legal,and had taken a leap forward in studying how prosody affects grammar.Of course,due to the limitations of the times,it is impossible for Eight Hundred Words in Modern Chinese to avoid inadequate induction,unclear expressions,and using tendencies instead of rules.At last,the article points out,although Eight Hundred Words in Modern Chinese is a preliminary study,it still illuminates and promotes the explorations of prosodic grammar at present and in the future.