解构视野中的后现代文论——以哈琴的后现代主义诗学为例

Postmodernist Literary Theory in the Deconstructive Viewpoint:Exemplified by Linda Hutcheon’s Poetics of Postmodernism

琳达·哈琴的后现代主义诗学与解构批评有诸多相通之处。对于解构批评家来说,逻各斯中心主义是首当其冲的批驳对象。哈琴的理论倾向和对后现代的理解,与之异曲同工,具有强烈的反逻各斯中心意味。消解等级二元对立项是反逻各斯中心主义的重要操作,哈琴也精于此道,她对历史元小说的考察同样得益于对二元对立的思考。然而消解二元对立并不意味着将原本被压制的一方提升为新的权威,也不意味着要抹平差异。哈琴从未将研究对象削减为一元论,她心目中的后现代话语是异质、多元和开放的。

Linda Hutcheon’s poetics of postmodernism shares many similarities with deconstruction. For deconstructive critics, logocentrism is the foremost target;Similarly,Hutcheon’s theoretical inclination and her perceiving of postmodernism exhibit a strong sense of anti-logocentrism. Dissolving binary opposition, in which Hutcheon is proficient, is a significant operation for antilogocentrism. This also benefits Hutcheon’s consideration of historiographic metafiction. However, dissolving binary opposition never aims to convert the bottom into the top,or to erase differences. Hutcheon doesn’t treat her object of study as monism. Her ideal postmodern discourse is heterogeneous,pluralistic and disparking.