莎士比亚的全球异常:《麦克白》之“人类”摹本、影视化以及灭绝时代

Shakespeare’s Global Weirding:Macbeth’s Posting of "Anthropos," Cinematization,and the Era of Extinction

曾经几乎灭绝的'weird'一词,经由《麦克白》重新回归并融入气候变化的经验,即'全球异常'。本文通过对莎士比亚经典作品的重新阐释,指出莎士比亚已经揭示了'人类纪'之人类的本性,而德里达召唤《哈姆雷特》中的幽灵用以解读马克思与社会问题,却是通过遮蔽气候变化接近这一主题。随后作者以希区柯克的作品为例分析电影的'幽灵'属性,并在洞察技术与电子媒介时代特征的基础上,剖析人类的认知麻木状态与对气候变化问题的忽视,呼吁构建当下灭绝时代所急需的一种认识论批评理论。

Rescued from extinction by Shakespeare with Macbeth,the word 'weird'fuses with the experience of climate chaos and becomes the'global weirding'.By reinterpreting Shakespeare,the paper points out that Shakespeare has already exposed the nature of the'anthropos',and Derrida,by conjuring the ghost in Hamlet,expresses his concern with the social problems and comes close to the motif of climate change only by occluding it.Then the paper analyzes the'ghost'feature of cinema with the works of Hitchcock and people’s cognitive numbness and their neglect of the problem of climate change based on his deep understanding of the modern society characterized by technology and digital media,through which the author appeals for the establishment of the critical epistemography which is required yet absent in the era of extinction.