湘西州土地资源利用现状及其开发潜力研究

Study on the Land Resources Utilization Status and Development Potential in Xiangxi

【目的】为缓解人地矛盾所造成的城市建设用地过度开发、耕地资源占补不平衡等问题,通过科学预测土地资源的开发潜力,为土地资源的开发提供指导,为缓解后备资源不清的矛盾和合理保护生态途径提供有效依据。【方法】利用遥感技术和地理信息系统技术,解译遥感图像得到研究区的土地利用现状图,利用DEM数据处理得到高程、坡度和坡向的基础数据,通过栅格数据的复合分析得到湘西州可开发利用的低丘缓坡地资源分布与数量。建立综合评价指标体系,得到湘西州土地资源开发潜力分级情况。【结果】湘西州可开发低丘缓坡地总面积为1 022.32 km^2,占总面积的6.61%。评价得到高、中、低和极低潜力区,面积分别为315.44、624.89、962.14和43.62 km^2。综合低丘缓坡地研究和土地开发潜力评价结果,湘西州土地开发潜力较大地区集中在东北和东南地区。【结论】优先开发高潜力区,异地占补以优补优,是实现耕地资源占补平衡的关键。

[Purpose]To alleviate the exploitation of urban construction land due to the conflicts between imbalance land distribution and men, imbalanced occupation and supplement of farmland,etc., the development potential of land resources via scientific forecast can be a guide to land development and offer effective evidence for insufficient supporting resources and appropriate protection approaches of the ecosystem.[Method]Remote sensing technology and GIS technology were used to interpret remote sensing images to obtain the present land-use map of the research area. DEM data processing was used to obtain the basic data of elevation, slope and aspect. Through the composite analysis of grid data, the distribution and quantity of the resources of the low hill and gentle slope land that could be exploited and utilized in Xiangxi were obtained. The comprehensive evaluation index system was established to obtain the classification of the potential of land resources development in Xiangxi.[Results]The total area of the low hill and gentle slope land in Xiangxi was 1 022.32 km^2,accounting for 6.61% of the total area. The areas of high, middle, low and very low potential areas were 315.44, 624.89, 962.14 and 43.62 km^2, respectively. According to the results of the study on the low hill and gentle slope land and the evaluation of land exploitation potential, the land development potential of Xiangxi Prefecture was concentrated in the northeast and the southeast areas.[Conclusion]That priority should be given to the development of high potential areas and the superior compensation of different lands is the key to realize the requisition-compensation balance of cultivated land resources.