复杂近地表地区静校正应用探讨

Study on static correction in complex near earth surface area

复杂近地表地区主要表现为地形复杂、出露岩性复杂多变、低降速带厚度以及速度横向变化大等特点.复杂地表条件下的地震资料静校正处理是得到优质、可靠的地震剖面的关键技术.静校正的处理应用软件种类繁多,然而按其理论基础,也仅有3种方法,每种有基本前提假设条件和适用范围.极为复杂的地质条件导致静校正处理效果不佳,在这里笔者在分析特定地区的近地表特点的基础上,采用联合使用,逐步解决的思路,来解决此类地区的静校正问题.通过一些实际资料的验证,取得了一定的效果,为此后复杂地区的静校正提供一个解决的思路.

Complicated near-surface areas are mainly characterized by complex terrain,complex and changeable exposed lithology,low deceleration zone thickness and large lateral velocity changes.The static correction of seismic data under complex surface conditions is the key technique for obtaining good and reliable seismic profiles.There are only a few methods for static correction of application software,however,according to the theoretical basis,there are only three methods,each of which has the basic assumptions and applicable scopes.Extremely complex geological conditions lead to poor static correction.Here we adopt a careful analysis of the characteristics of the near surface of a particular area,based on the joint use,and gradually solve the train of thought,to solve the problem of static correction in such areas.Through the verification of some actual data,some results have been obtained and a solution to the problem of static correction in complicated areas has been provided.