近二十年多义词本体和习得研究方法综述

A summary of two major research methods for Chinese polysemies in the last 20 years

近些年来,随着语言学理论和心理学理论的发展,多义词研究也出现了很多新的方法。文章从多义词的本体研究和习得研究两方面综述近二十年来国内外多义词的研究方法。多义词的本体研究方法主要有基于词典的研究、基于语料库的研究、基于汉外对比的研究和基于心理实验的研究。多义词的习得研究主要从理解和产出两方面展开。多义词的理解研究主要采用实验的方法,多义词的产出研究则主要通过儿童语言语料库或二语学习者语料库。在综述研究方法的基础上,文章提出研究方法的选择主要有两条原则,一是研究方法的选择取决于研究问题和理论取向,二是尽量用多种方法研究同一个问题。

With the development of linguistic and psychological theories,new research methods for polysemies keep emerging.This paper gives a summary of two major research methods for polysemies in the last 20 years.Studies on polysemies are based on the analysis of dictionaries,corpus,contrast between Chinese and other languages,as well as psychological experiments.The acquisition of polysemies is mostly studied with experiments and/or analysis of the learners’ corpus.To choose from so many research methods for future studies on polysemies,two principles are applicable:1) research methods should be determined by the research questions and the underlying theories;2) it is encouraged to use more methods to study the same problem.