汉语国际传播的微观基础与路径选择

Micro-foundation and path selection of the international promotion of the Chinese language

个体的语言选择和语言使用行为是语言国际传播的微观基础。语言经济学视角下,个体语言学习属于人力资本投资行为,是个体基于语言学习成本-收益比较做出选择的结果。改变语言学习的成本-收益结构,提高语言学习收益,降低学习成本是推动语言国际传播的重要途径,也是应贯穿的重要原理。基于上述理论逻辑,文章通过实证调查发现当前汉语学习的动因主要是文化动因、经济动因和教育动因,从适应和满足个体汉语学习动因和目的的角度提出汉语国际传播的4种路径:经济路径,文化路径,教育路径和汉语国际推广路径,并针对每种路径提出具体的措施建议。

The individual’s choice and use of language is the micro-foundation of the international language spread.From the perspective of the economics of language,the individual’s language learning is the investment behavior of human capital,and it is the result of the individual choice based on the comparison of the cost and income of language learning.Changing the cost and benefit structure of language learning,improving the benefits of language learning and reducing learning cost are important ways to promote the international spread of language,and are also the important principles to follow.Based on the above theory,this empirical survey shows that the main motivations of current Chinese learning include cultural motivation,economic motivation and educational motivation.For meeting the motivations and purposes of the individual’s Chinese learning,the paper puts forward four ways of the international promotion of Chinese:economy path,cultural path,education path,and the proper international path together with some concrete measures and suggestions.