晶体破裂理论与研究方法

THEORY AND STUDY METHODS OF CRYSTAL BREAKUP

晶体破裂之后所露出来的新鲜面的种类、数量以及裸露在各类破裂面上的离子特点,是选矿理论研究工作的基础之一。本文在计算晶格能的基础上,推导出了计算晶体中两两平行晶面间的作用力及破坏这种作用力的耗能近似式,得到了各种晶面在外力作用下的理想破裂规律,并利用X射线衍射技术进行实测统计,取得了较好的结果。、

To investigate the kinds and quantities of fresh surfaces exposed after breaking and the feature of ions exposed on splitted crystal surface,we have calculated the amount of energy consumed under external force and got the knowledge of breaking various crystal faces on the basis of unit cell energy,we have established an advanced technology to replace theoretical analysis and good results have been obtained. By using of the calculating equation of the force between two parallel crystal faces in unit cell and the energy consumption required to counteract this force,real or possible crystal faces existing in galena have been counted.Under external force,the kinds and probabilities of splitted faces are(100)>(011)>(111)>(012)>(112)>(013)> (113)>(023)>(014). According to the principle of producing diffraction under the action of the x-ray on the splitted faces,we have examined all kinds of minerals on diffractometor,for example,the galena in Pb-Zn concentrate from Fankou Mine.The results obtained are: kind of splitted face:(100)(011)(111)(012)(113)(133)(112)(115) quantity(%):23.51 22.78 15.17 11.78 10.78 6.62 6.08 3.39 Obviously,the measured values are quite similar to the theoretically calculated values.So the application of x-ray diffractometer in this reaserch work is favourable. Results from a lot of real examination and theoretical analysis showed that the form of crystal breakage is strictly controlled by the internal crystal structure.The internal crystal structure is divided into 230 space groups.There are also 230 types of fresh faces exposed after crystal breaking and 230 basic forms of distribution. Some faces of them make a few exceptions when there exist dislocations,defects, impurities or distortions in crystal lattices.