略论明代的马政

On Horse Policy of Ming Dynasty

马政是明代国家重务 ,政府将牧养官马的任务强加于民 ,牧马民为此耗尽劳力 ,却未能增加收入 ,结果因牧马而困 ;政府亦陷入行政困难 ,最终不得不取消这一义务。这说明政府把人民视为国家当然义务主体 ,这种义务趋向的行政不仅给人民带来困苦 ,也导致行政困难。只有走出“义务”趋向 。

Government in ancient China tended to take the people as natural obligation subject of administration, which not only imposed agonies on people, but also made it much more difficult for government to administer country. By analyzing horse policy in Ming dynasty, this article revealed the difficult position of administration and pointed out that government and people will not be liberated unless the obligation oriented administration was changed.