倒置式低温光学显微镜

Inverted Optical Cryomicroscope

为适应精细低温过程研究的需要,作者在美国麻省理工学院参与研制了新型低温光学显微镜。在蔡司公司ICM405型倒置显微镜的基础上,研制加装了由微机控制的低温载物台;低温氮气冷却系统;温度测量、控制、调节、显示系统;照相、摄像、录像和监视系统。低温显微镜的最低工作温度可达-180℃。由于低温载物台采用微型热电偶及导电镀膜加热层,因此灵敏度高,可控温度变化速率最快达500℃/min,最慢为0℃/min,即恒温。被观察样品在低温处理全过程中的显微变化及相应的时间、温度均可详细记录,并事后复现供分析研究。经过两年实际使用表明,本仪器使用方便、成像清晰、无低温运动部件、工作可靠。本文介绍该低温光学显微镜的原理、结构、关键部件设计、计算方法及实验。

The inverted optical cryomicroscope is suited to the requiment of precise res-earch at low temperature.It is consisted of four systems:the microscope with a computercontroled special low temperature stage,the cold nitrogen gas system,the vedio system,the temperature regulation system.The lowest working temperature of the cryomieroscope is about-180℃.Because of thetemperature change of the view window is generated directly by a transparent electricalresistant coating film and the temperature is measured by a tiny thermocouple,the cryo-microscope is highly sensitive.The temperature changing rate is capable from the fastest500℃/min to the slowest 0℃/min[constant temperature].The history of the specimen mi-cro-change versus time and temperature can be recorded very detail during experiment andreviewed late for further analysing.Without any moving component at low temperature the cryomicroscope is very reliable.The paper introduces the principe,construction,design,calculation and experiment of thecryomioroscope.