清代陕西回族的人口变动

On the Population Change of Shaanxi Hui in Qing Dynasty

清代陕西回族的人口发展经历了一个大起大落的过程。清初全省回民总数大约有82.8万,经过康、雍、乾、嘉、道5朝200多年的休养生息,至咸丰朝时发展到170万口左右的规模,大约占当时全省人口总数的12.3%。同治元年(1862年)陕西省爆发了著名的回民起义,短短六七年间,回民人口损失总数高达155万。战后,全省回民锐减至15万口左右,而陕西境内幸存回民尚不足5万口,人口损失的比例超过91%,年平均损失率高达42%。同治年间的战争,不但使陕西历经200多年逐步积累起来的回民人口丧失殆尽,而且还摧毁了回族继续发展的基础,改变了全省人口的民族结构,直到今天陕西回族人口再也没有恢复到清初的规模。

The development of Hui's population of Shanxi province went through the course of a big rise and big fall in Qing Dynasty. In the beginning, the total amount of the Huis in the whole province was probably 828,000, After more than 200 years development, the population rise to 1,700,000. In 1862, the famous Huis' war has broken out in Shaanxi Province, During the war, Hui's population has lost 1,550,000. After the war, the Huis population reduce to 150,000 about, and the Huis population of the whole province survive less than 50,000,over 91% of Hui's population has lost , annual average loss rates are 42%. Directly, The War Not only causing a large number loss of Huis population, but also destroyed the foundation that Hui continue development, and changed the national structure of the population in the whole province. Until today, the size of Huis population of Shaanxi Province has not reached the scale in the past yet