经典名著《呼啸山庄》在大陆的译本统计与研究

The Statistics and study of translation of the classic Wuthering Heights in China's Mainland

近30年来的经典重译热使《呼啸山庄》成为被重译次数最多的英国文学经典文本之一.据笔者统计,自1978年以来,仅大陆出版由不同译者翻译的《呼啸山庄》就有169个译本1.笔者认为,译本的繁荣一方面增加了国人接触外国文学,阅读外国经典的机会,有利于提高国人的文学素养,促进中外文化交流;另一方面在英国文学经典的汉译中,存在着一拥而上占市场,泥沙俱下推译本的不良现象.伪劣的译作在一定程度上遮蔽了优秀的译本,客观上造成了对经典作品的损害,破坏了读者的阅读兴趣.当前,应该充分开展翻译批评来加以引导和规范.

Wuthering Heights is one of the most in frequency re-translated Chinese versions among English literary classics in recent 30 years. According to the author's statistics,169 translations of it in China's Mainland have been published by different translators since 1978. Through the statistics and analyses of the translators,region distribution of the press,quality of the translations,response of the readers,and the study of the translations,this paper shows the current situation and problems of the English literature translations in China Mainland,and also proposes some solutions related to them. The conclusion has been reached that the boom of the translations,on one hand,can increase the opportunity for our Chinese to understand and read foreign classics,which enables people to cultivate their literary quality,and promotes cultural communication between home and abroad; on the other hand,among the EC translations of literary classics,there exists an unhealthy phenomenon of only competing for market place with valuable and valueless translations by excellent and poor translators. Since the translations of poor quality to some degrees shadows the top translations,which damages the classics objectively,thus causing the readers to lose their interest in reading. Therefore,now,translation criticism should be fully carried out to guide and standardize these various translations.