Zachery处理绿松石的探讨

A tentative discussion on Zachery-treated turquoise

现在市面上所谓的"美国松"其实大多经过一种Zachery的处理方法,本文采用放大观察、紫外-可见光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、X荧光光谱仪、红外光谱仪等测试手段,对Zachery处理绿松石进行了宝石学、矿物学、化学成分和谱学特征的研究。结果显示,由于自然界产出的绿松石的光泽、结构、密度、硬度等变化范围较大,因此常规宝石学测试无法区分Zachery处理绿松石,紫外-可见光谱仪和红外光谱也无法鉴定Zachery处理的绿松石,只有X荧光光谱仪测试结果显示K+元素含量高以及扫描电镜显示表面具结晶现象可以作为绿松石经过Zachery处理的准确判断依据。

It is well known that the so-called 'American natural turquoises' in the present market are actually mostly treated by Zachery process.By means of enlarged observation,UV-visible spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and infrared spectrometer,the authors carried out the study of the gemology,mineralogy,chemical composition and spectral characteristics of Zachery-treated turquoise.The results showed that,due to the wide range of variation in the characteristics such as luster,structure,density and hardness of the natural turquoises,it is impossible to distinguish and identify the Zachery-treated turquoises by the conventional gemological tests and the UV-visible spectroscopy as well as infrared spectroscopy,and only the existence of the high K^+ element content shown by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and the observation of the crystalline phenomenon on the turquoise surface by scanning electron microscopy can be used as the accurate judgment basis of Zachery-treated turquoises.