暾欲谷家世钩沉

New Research on the Family Background of Tonyuquq

本文在前人研究基础之上对后突厥汗国重臣暾欲谷的出身、族属与家世进行了新的考证。回纥首领时健俟斤-菩萨家族属阿史德部,暾欲谷可能是菩萨之孙,该家族与薛延陀可汗家族关系密切,在吐迷度建立汗国之后被排挤出回纥,逐渐融入南下投唐的薛延陀余部,进而与漠南的突厥阿史德部合流,又随突厥诸部北返复国。突厥卢尼文《雀林碑》及《阙利啜碑》中可能存在与之有关的证据,元老阙利啜可能与暾欲谷是同一人。同为后突厥重臣的阿史德元珍具有与暾欲谷相似的回纥—薛延陀背景,众多证据表明,暾欲谷与阿史德元珍是同一人的假说仍具有较高的合理性。

Based on previous studies, the present paper makes a new research to the origin, clan and family background of Tonyuquq-the powerful minister of the second Turk Qaghanate. The Uighur ruler Shi-jian irkin and Pu-sa family belonged to Ashide clan, and Tonyuquq could be the grandson of Pu-sa. This family kept close relationship with that of Xueyantuo(* Syr-Tardush) Qaghan. It was excluded from Uighur tribe after Tu-mi-du had founded the Qaghanate, and was gradually mixed with the remnants of Xueyantuo who had surrendered to Tang government in the south. It then joined with Turk Ashide clan at the south of the great desert, and later returned to north to recover the second Qaghanate with the Turk tribes. There could be some associated evidence in Turkic Runic inscription of steles Choren and Küli Chor. Ulugh Küli Chor and Tonyuquq could be the same person. Ashide Yuan-zhen, the powerful minister of the second Turk Qaghanate, had similar Uighur-Xueyantuo background with Tonyuquq. According to multiple proofs, the hypothesis that Tonyuquq and Ashide Yuan-zhen was the same person still has strong consistency and is highly convincing.