明代金银器仿生造型的此消彼长

The Ming Dynasty gold and silver bionics

明代金银器仿生造型发展矛盾,器皿仿生制作骤减,而首饰却繁华百出。器皿仿生造型摒弃花卉一类为主流,多集中于桃、菊、灵芝。首饰仿生造型不仅有对传统题材的继承和扩展,更有对新题材、新式样的探索。其中,以花蝶、草虫一类最为风靡,又以应节随景的制作最为特别。然而,通过对文献与实物的梳理,可推断:器皿与首饰的发展看似一消一长、南辕北撤,实则都是官样引导与世风节俗共同作用的结果。

In the Ming Dynasty,the bionics of gold and silverware developed contradictions,and the bionic production of utensils dropped straight down at high speed,while the jewelry was prosperous.The bionics of the utensils abandoned flower shape,mostly concentrated in peach,chrysanthemum and ganoderma lucidum.Bionic modeling of jewelry not only inherits and extends traditional themes,but also explores new themes and new styles.Among them,the butterfly and grass worms are the most popular styles,and the production is most special with the scenery.According to the literature and the products,it can be inferred that the development of utensils and jewellery seems to be different.In fact,it is the result of the combination of official guidance and folk culture.