贵州织金硅质及硅酸盐型磷块岩工艺矿物学研究

Study on Process Mineralogy of Siliceous and Silicate Phosphate Rock in Guizhou Zhijin

利用偏光显微镜、MLA(Mineral Liberation Analyser)系统、能谱仪等设备对贵州织金硅质及硅酸盐型磷块岩进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,查明矿石的矿物组成、结构构造、基本参数及主要矿物的特征。该磷块岩中主要脉石矿物为玉髓,选矿需要脱除较多的玉髓才能达到精矿指标,其次该样品硅酸盐矿物含量较高,还要脱除部分硅酸盐矿物,以减小其对后续湿法磷酸过程中的不利影响。矿样中胶磷矿主要为团粒状、凝胶状、碎屑状结构,和脉石矿物嵌布紧密、杂乱,且胶磷矿、石英、玉髓均属细粒嵌布,需要细磨才能使胶磷矿和脉石矿物较多的解离。磨矿至细度为-75μm占99.41%,胶磷矿的单体解离度为72.88%,解离情况不理想,而且细磨使-30μm粒级产率大大增高,造成次生泥化现象,降低了浮选药剂的选择性,增加了选矿的难度。该矿样难以通过磨矿的方法使有用矿物和脉石矿物较多的解离,故通过浮选的方法难以达到理想的、经济的选别指标。建议将该类型的矿石和其他类型的矿石进行配矿使用,以达到资源的综合利用。

Using polarizing microscope,MLA system,energy spectrometer and other equipment to carry out systematic process mineralogical study of silicate phosphate rock in Guizhou Zhijin,find out the ore mineral composition,structure,basic parameters and characteristics of main minerals.The main gangue mineral in the phosphate rock is chalcedony.The ore dressing needs to remove more chalcedony to reach the concentrate index.Secondly,the sample has a high content of silicate minerals,and some silicate minerals are also removed to reduce its adverse effects on the subsequent wet-process phosphoric acid process.The collophanite in the ore sample is mainly composed of agglomerate,gelatinous and crumb-like structures.Closely and disorderly distributed with the gangue minerals,the collophanite,quartz and chalcedony are all fine-grained and need fine grinding to dissociate more collophanite and gangue minerals.Grinding to fineness of-75μm accounted for 99.41%,colloidal phosphate monomer dissociation degree of 72.88%,dissociation is not ideal,and fine grinding makes-30μm fractional yield greatly increased,resulting in secondary mud formation it reduces the selectivity of flotation reagents and increases the difficulty of beneficiation.It is difficult for the ore sample to dissociate useful minerals and gangue minerals by grinding,so it is difficult to achieve an ideal and economical selection index by flotation.It is recommended that this type of ore and other types of ore be used for ore blending to achieve comprehensive utilization of resources.