制度创新与交通运输发展:分析框架

Institutional Trade-offs and Transport Development: An Analytical Framework

制度如同文化、习俗一样,是经济社会发展的重要变量。制度也是综合交通运输体系发展的主导因素,制度的作用是动态的。现阶段,中国的交通运输发展进入改革的下半场,在庞大的基础设施网络形成之后,制度建设将成为交通运输系统发展的重要任务。因此,本文旨在为制度与交通运输发展的关系问题建立理论假说,为交通发展中的制度交易、制度创新和政策的制定提供一种思考的方法。本文的研究主要贡献在于:提出了嵌入制度因素的运输资源成本;建立了运输系统的制度权衡、比较优势与发展效率的分析模型。本文的研究发现,交通运输发展不仅需要更多的投资,而且需要更好的制度;不仅需要市场发挥主导作用,而且需要有合理的市场设计。从问题导向出发,系统地反思交通发展的制度与政策的经验,不断地"试错"创新,降低制度性的交易成本,为交通运输的高质量发展和交通强国建设开拓创新空间。

The institutions,like culture and customs,is an important variable in economic and social development.The institutions is also the dominant factor in the development of the integrated transportation system,and the role of the institutions is dynamic.China’s transportation development has entered the second half of reform.After the formation of a huge infrastructure network,systematic institutions construction will become an important task for the development of transportation development.Therefore,this paper aims to establish a theoretical hypothesis for the relationship between institutions and transportation development,and to provide a way of thinking for institutional transactions,institutional innovation and policy formulation in transportation development.The main contributions of this paper are:putting forward the cost of transportation resources embedded in the institutional factors and the analysis model of the institutional trade-off,comparative advantage and development efficiency of the transportation system.The findings of research in this paper are:transportation development not only requires more investment,but also needs a better institutions;it not only needs the market to play a leading role,but also needs reasonable market design.Being starting from the problem-oriented,systematically rethink the experience of the system and policy of transportation development,make constantly'trial and error'innovation so as to reduce institutional transaction costs,and open up innovative space for the high-quality development of transportation and the construction of transportation power.