水平偏心荷载下斜桩群桩受力性状的离心机模型试验

Centrifugal model tests on batter pile groups under eccentric lateral loads

为研究斜桩群桩在水平偏心荷载下的受力性状,在砂土中开展了一系列离心机模型试验,着重对比了直桩群桩和斜桩群桩抵抗水平及偏心荷载的不同特性。详细介绍了模型试验的装置、方法以及内容。试验结果表明:水平荷载偏心距大小对群桩水平承载力有一定的影响,但是对群桩扭转承载力的影响较小。对于直桩群桩,在试验范围内小偏心距(4.3倍桩径)加载对应的水平承载力大于零偏心距(即纯水平加载)及大偏心距(7.1倍桩径)加载的水平承载力。相同条件下,斜桩群桩抵抗水平、偏心及扭转荷载的能力显著强于直桩群桩。水平偏心荷载下,斜桩群桩中各基桩的桩顶水平位移相互差异较直桩群桩更大,且该差异随偏心距的增加而增大;在多向荷载的共同作用下,基桩桩顶剪力与桩顶位移方向有所不同。水平荷载下斜桩群桩中的基桩轴力显著大于直桩群桩。斜桩群桩较好地发挥了基桩的轴向承载能力,从而能够更有效地抵抗水平荷载。

A series of centrifugal model tests are conducted to investigate the behavior of pile groups in sand subjected to eccentric lateral loads, especially the role of batter pile groups in resisting lateral or eccentric loads. The preparation and the procedure of the tests are described. The test results reveal that the eccentric distance of the lateral loads will affect the lateral response of the pile groups to some extent within the experimental range, but have little effect on the torsional behavior of the pile groups. The bearing capacity of the plumb pile group under lateral loads with eccentric distance of 4.3D is higher than that of zero and 7.1D. The capacity of the batter pile groups subjected to lateral, eccentric or torsional loads is much higher than that of the plumb pile groups. Under the eccentric loads, the differences between the lateral displacements of individual piles within the batter pile groups are larger than those in the plumb pile groups, and they also increase with the eccentric distance of the lateral loads. The shear forces and lateral displacements at head of individual piles are different in direction. The axial forces of individual piles within the batter pile groups are dramatically larger than those in the plumb pile groups under the same load condition, which illustrates that batter pile groups can more effectively resist the lateral loads than the plumb pile groups by taking full advantages of the axial capacity of individual piles.