不同砂胶比、密度和含水性相似材料力学性质正交试验研究

Orthogonal experimental study of similar materials properties of different densities, sand-binder ratios and residual moisture contents

在物理相似模拟试验中相似材料的物理力学性质与模拟原型物理力学性质的相似性是物理相似模拟试验成功与否的关键。为了确定相似材料的物理力学性质,采用3因素4水平正交试验表,研究由河沙和石膏组成的相似材料的砂胶比、密度和残余含水率3个因素对相似材料单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和泊松比3个物理力学性质的影响规律。研究结果表明,对单轴抗压强度影响程度由大到小的因素依次为砂胶比、密度、残余含水率,单轴抗压强度随着密度的增大而增大,随着砂胶比、残余含水率的增大而减小;对弹性模量影响程度由大到小的因素依次为砂胶比、密度、残余含水率,弹性模量随着密度的增大而增大,随着砂胶比的增大而减小;对泊松比的影响程度由大到小的因素依次为残余含水率、密度、砂胶比,泊松比随着密度、残余含水率的增大而增大,与砂胶比关系不明显;砂胶比、密度、残余含水率对相似材料单轴抗压强度存在交互作用,但对相似材料的泊松比不存在交互作用,砂胶比和密度对相似材料的弹性模量存在交互作用。研究得出砂胶比、密度、残余含水率与单轴抗压强度、弹性模量、泊松比的回归方程,对物理相似模拟试验相似材料设计具有指导意义。

In physical similarity simulation experiments, the similarity between the physico-mechanical properties of similar materials and the physical properties of simulated prototypes is the key to the success of physical similar simulations. In order to determine the physico-mechanical properties of physical similar materials, three factors and four levels of orthogonal experiments are used; and the influence of three factors, such as sand binder ratio, density and residual moisture content, on the uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of similar materials are studied by using the similar materials composed of sand and gypsum. The results show that the factors affecting the degree of uniaxial compressive strength from big to small in turn for the sand binder ratio, density, residual moisture content; and the uniaxial compressive strength increases with the increase of density but decreases with the sand ratio and residual water content increases. The factors affecting the degree of elastic modulus from big to small in turn for the sand binder ratio, density, residual moisture content; and the elastic modulus increases with the increase of the density, decreases with the increase of the sand binder ratio. The factors affecting the Poisson's ratio from big to small in turn for the residual water content, density, sand binder ratio; and the Poisson's ratio increases with the increase of density and residual water content, but not to the sand binder ratio. The density, sand binder ratio and residual moisture content have a certain interaction with the uniaxial compressive strength; but they do not exist on the elastic modulus; and the density, sand binder ratio have a certain interaction with the Poisson's ratio of similar materials. The regression equation of the ratio of sand to shell, density and residual water content on uniaxial compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio is obtained; and it is of great significance for the design of similar materials.